Classification Of Sentences

Sentences are classified

1- According to their meaning

(a) Affirmative: An affirmative sentence is a positive statement.
     Example: He is a Carpenter.
(b) Negative:     A negative sentence is a negative statement.
     Example: He is not a Carpenter.
(c) Interrogative: An interrogative sentence is used to ask a question.
    Example: Is he  a Carpenter?
(d) Imperative: An imperative sentence is used to express a command,request or a piece of advice.
     Examples: You should respect your elders. (Advice)
                       Leave the room immediately. (Command)
                       Please come in. (Request)
(e) Optative: Those which express some wish are called Optative.
      Examples: God save the king.
                        May you live long.
(f) Exclamatory: Those which express some strong feeling of the mind are called exclamatory
                             sentences.
    Examples:   What a beautiful night it is !
                        How tiresome grammar is !
  (Those which simply affirm or deny something are called Assertive)

2- According to their Construction

(a)Simple Sentence:
     A simple sentence contain one finite verb and therefore one clause.
    Examples:
     The Holy Quran gives guidance for success in both the world.
      He and his brothers are going to Islamabad to visit their relatives.

(b) Compound sentence:
      A compound sentence has more than  one finite verb  and more than one clause joined by
      coordinate conjunction i.e. and,but,for,either,or,neither,nor,etc.. The clauses of compound
      sentences are coordinate clauses and each of these is an independent clause and each of these is
      an independent clause expressing a complete idea.A compound sentence can be broken into two
      or more simple sentences.
      Examples:
      I am going to Lahore today and i shall return tomorrow.
      This compound sentence has two coordinate clauses joined by and we can write it in the form of
       two simple sentences.
        I am going to Lahore today.
        I shall return tomorrow. 
        Other Examples:
        I like an apple but my brother likes a mango.
        I helped him and he became happy.

(c) Complex Sentence:
      A complex sentence has one independent or principal clause and one or more subordinate clauses.
      The independent clause expresses a complete idea and remains meaningful even if the dependent
       clauses are removed from the sentences. The dependent or subordinate clause are meaningful
       only if the meaning of the independent clause is added to them.
       Example:
       He is the man/who came to dinner last night.
       In this sentence,the subordinate clause "who came to dinner last night" can express a complete
       idea if the independent clause "He is the man" is there to complete its meaning..The
       independent clause "He is the man" however did not help of subordinate clause to express a
       complete idea.

(d) Multiple sentence (Complex Compound Sentence)
     A multiple sentence also called compound complex,has at least two independent clauses and one
     or more subordinate clauses.
     Example:
     He was visiting his home district        (Independent clause)
     and looking at the familiar scenes       (Independent clause)
     which reminded him of his childhood.(Subordinate clause)